{"id":3748,"date":"2023-01-12T01:57:29","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T01:57:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/?p=3748"},"modified":"2023-11-03T04:06:51","modified_gmt":"2023-11-03T04:06:51","slug":"lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TopviecIT<\/strong><\/a> nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_63 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C_OOP_la_gi\" title=\"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Cac_dac_trung_cua_lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C\" title=\"C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++\">C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Lop_class\" title=\"L\u1edbp (class)\">L\u1edbp (class)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Doi_tuong_Object\" title=\"\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Object)\">\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Object)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Ke_thua\" title=\"K\u1ebf th\u1eeba\">K\u1ebf th\u1eeba<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Da_hinh\" title=\"\u0110a h\u00ecnh\">\u0110a h\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Dong_goi_du_lieu\" title=\"\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\">\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Truu_tuong_hoa\" title=\"Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a\">Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c\/#Nhung_loi_ich_chinh_cua_lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C\" title=\"Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C_OOP_la_gi\"><\/span><strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ (Object-oriented programming v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 OOP). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m xung quanh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 logic. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf). Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-1.jpg\" alt=\"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng\" class=\"wp-image-3749\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-1-640x400.jpg 640w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-1-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>OOP<strong> <\/strong>t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n mu\u1ed1n thao t\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 logic c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xem th\u00eam: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/ngon-ngu-lap-trinh-c-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ng\u00f4n Ng\u1eef L\u1eadp Tr\u00ecnh C++ L\u00e0 G\u00ec? \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u1ee7a C++ Ra Sao?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_dac_trung_cua_lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C\"><\/span><strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lop_class\"><\/span><strong>L\u1edbp (class)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong OPP. C\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u00e0m ri\u00eang. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Doi_tuong_Object\"><\/span><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Object)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp l\u00e0 \u201cTr\u00e1i c\u00e2y\u201d, th\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cChu\u1ed1i\u201d, \u201cT\u00e1o\u201d, \u201cCam\u201d,&#8230; L\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 2 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/vector-c-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vector C++ L\u00e0 G\u00ec? Nh\u1eefng Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n B\u1ea3n D\u00e0nh Cho Newbie<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ke_thua\"><\/span><strong>K\u1ebf th\u1eeba<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ebf th\u1eeba trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a OOP. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebf th\u1eeba c\u00e1c module ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay module kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Da_hinh\"><\/span><strong>\u0110a h\u00ecnh<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh \u1edf OOP C++ cho ph\u00e9p l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb l\u1edbp c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Class Parent s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp con c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp con n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-2.jpg\" alt=\"T\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OOP)\" class=\"wp-image-3750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-2-640x400.jpg 640w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-2-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>T\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (OOP)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dong_goi_du_lieu\"><\/span><strong>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. Hay hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i cho ph\u00e9p che \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truu_tuong_hoa\"><\/span><strong>Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1eadp h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ th\u00ec tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3. Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u1ea9n nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam: <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/css-framework-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CSS Framework L\u00e0 G\u00ec? Top 5 CSS Framework S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_loi_ich_chinh_cua_lap_trinh_huong_doi_tuong_C\"><\/span><strong>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1edbp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf hai n\u01a1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e3: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian khi duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c m\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1ea9n v\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 xem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u1eb7p sai s\u00f3t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n: \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng OOP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh s\u1edbm h\u01a1n, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng: T\u00ecm l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p m\u00e3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111a h\u00ecnh:&nbsp; V\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh \u0111a h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-3.jpg\" alt=\"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch\" class=\"wp-image-3751\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-3-640x400.jpg 640w, https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-topcv-3-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><em>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/em><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u1ebfu theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u00e0nh IT. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/chuyen-muc\/chia-se-kinh-nghiem\/\">chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/a><\/strong> v\u1ec1 OOP s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.topcv.vn\/tim-viec-lam-lap-trinh-vien\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean<\/a><\/strong>, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c tin tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.topcv.vn\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>TopCV<\/strong><\/a> nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m: <a href=\"https:\/\/topviecit.vn\/blog\/developer-la-gi-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Developer L\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec1 G\u00ec<\/mark><\/a>? M\u00f4 T\u1ea3 C\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7c V\u00e0 M\u1ee9c Thu Nh\u1eadp C\u1ee7a Developer<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a TopviecIT nh\u00e9. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ OOP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3752,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[1027,442,1025,1026,1028],"class_list":["post-3748","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se-kinh-nghiem","tag-c-huong-doi-tuong","tag-lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong","tag-lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c","tag-lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-c-la-gi","tag-lap-trinh-huong-doi-tuong-trong-c"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng C++ (Object-oriented programming v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 OOP). 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